Duane Graveline Profile

Expertise and Research Interests
During my 10 years as USAF flight surgeon I was research scientist at both the Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory at Wright-Patterson AFB and the USAF School of Aerospace Medicine. Prolonged weightlessness deconditioning was my primary area of interest. Using both bed rest and water immersion, I explored the use of various countermeasures to prevent Zero G deconditioning including exercise, salt and water replacement, extremity tourniquets and the lower body negative pressure device (LBNP), the prototype of which was conceived by me and fabricated at USAFSAM. The LBNP device was flown on Skylab, MIR and Shuttle flights and remains in current use.
During this time I also was a member of our Foreign Technology Intelligence team as analyst for Soviet Bioastronautics. Working with electronic engineers at the Aeromedical Laboratory, WPAFB I broke out the unique Soviet HF telemetry link for continuous monitoring of cosmonaut heart and respiratory rates used during their entire Vostok and Voskhod series of spaceflights, permitting, on one memorable afternoon while on our Pacific Ocean located tracking ship, Rose Knot Victor, our entire NASA tracking system to follow the biomedical progress of the Soviet's Voskhod 2 mission.
Also in this time period I was appointed as one of the medical monitors for NASA spaceflights with deployment for every mission from the flight of Enos, through Mercury and most of Gemini before my own selection in 1965 as one of NASA's six scientist astronauts.

Other Expertise

In 1966 during my NASA sponsored year of T-38 supersonic jet training at Williams AFB I left the astronaut program for personal reasons and entered clinical medicine as a family doctor. I established the Health Maintenance Center in Burlington, Vermont, the location of my medical college and for the next 23 years I practiced family medicine with emphasis on preventive health concepts. I was the first doctor in the state of Vermont to use physician assistants and emphasized health screening and routine health checkups throughout my busy practice. Nearing retirement I became a locum tenens physician and for two years worked in this capacity at various medical offices, mostly in the state of Virginia with duties ranging from walk-in outpatient clinics, to health clinics on a college campus, to taking over the practice of vacationing doctors to operation of hospital outreach clinics. I retired from clinical medicine in 1994 at the age of 63.

Future Research
If the opportunity arises, I would like to participate in space research on the feasibility of doing away with our present concept of daily countermeasures, such as time consuming exercise while in orbit, allowing the astronaut to adapt fully and freely to zero gravity, bringing him home in a womb-like , water filled cocoon for progressive rehabilitation back on Earth.

Memberships
Former member ASMA, AMA and Vermont State Medical Society

Honors and Awards
Scientist Astronaut, NASA, In May of 1965 I was selected as one of our six scientist astronauts, entering the T-38 supersonic jet training program at Williams AFB shortly thereafter.

 

Previous Positions
1964-1965, Director of Analysis for Soviet Bioastronautics, USAF Foreign Technology Division with duty station at SAM
1961-1963, Research Scientist, USAF Aeromedical Research Laboratory, WPAFB, OH
1957-1960, USAF Aerospace Medical Residency, USAF School of Aerospace Medicine/Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene
1956-1957, USAF, Chief Flight Surgeon, Kelly AFB, TX

Publications
Michael McCally MD and Duane E. Graveline MD. Physiologic aspects of prolonged weightlessness. New England Journal of Medicine. Volume 269: Pages 508-516, 5 Sep 1963

Duane E. Graveline MD and Michael McCally MD. Body Fluid Distribution: Implications for Zero Gravity. Aerospace Medicine. Volume 33: Pages 1281-1290, Nov 1962

Duane E. Graveline MD and Michael McCally MD. Sleep and altered proprioceptive input as related to water immersion studies. Technical Documentary Report No. AMRL-TDR-62-83. , Aug 1962

Duane E. Graveline MD and Margaret M.Jackson. Diuresis associated with prolonged water immersion. Journal of Applied Physiology. Volume 17(No. 3): Pages 519-524, May 1962

Duane E. Graveline MD. Maintenance of cardiovascular adaptability during prolonged weightlessness. Aerospace Medicine. Volume 33: Pages 297-302, Mar 1962

Duane E. Graveline MD and George W. Barnard MD. Physiologic effects of hypodynamic environment. Aerospace medicine. Volume 32: Pages 726-736, Aug 1961

Duane E. Graveline MD, Bruno Balke PhD, Richard E. Mckenzie MSC and Bryce Hartman PhD. Psychobiologic effects of water-immersion induced hypodynamics. Aerospace Medicine. Volume 32: Pages 387-400, May 1961

Bryce Hartman, PhD, Richard E.Mckenzie, MSC and Duane E Graveline MD. An exploratory study of changes in proficiency in a hypodynamic environment. TDR-60-72, School of Aviation Medicine,USAF Aerospace Medical Center, TX. , Jul 1960

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